Difference between revisions of "Category:demonstratives"
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Adjectival demonstratives | ==Overview of three types of demonstratives found in {{PS}}== | ||
* '''adjectival demonstratives''' (also known as demonstrative adjectives) | |||
*: Proximal (nearby) | |||
*:: '''This''' house is large. | |||
*:: '''These''' houses are large. | |||
*: Distal (far away) | |||
*:: '''That''' river is long. | |||
*:: '''Those''' rivers are long. | |||
* '''pronominal demonstratives''' (also known as demonstrative pronouns) | |||
*: Proximal | |||
*:: '''This''' is a large house. | |||
*:: '''These''' are large houses. | |||
*: Distal | |||
*:: '''That''' is a long river. | |||
*:: '''Those''' are long rivers. | |||
* '''adverbial demonstratives''' (also known as demonstrative adverbs) | |||
*: Proximal | |||
*:: A large house is located '''here'''. | |||
*:: Large houses are located '''here'''. | |||
*: Distal: | |||
*:: A long river is located '''there'''. | |||
*:: Long rivers are located '''there'''. | |||
{{SA}} | |||
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demonstrative Wikipedia article on demonstratives] | |||
* [http://www.ef.com/english-resources/english-grammar/demonstratives/ Education First] | |||
==Adjectival demonstratives== | |||
{| class = "wikitable" style = "margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; background-color: #CEE0F2; width: 80%; padding: 15px;" | {| class = "wikitable" style = "margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; background-color: #CEE0F2; width: 80%; padding: 15px;" | ||
| colspan = "4" style ="text-align:center" | '''Set I: used for masculine/neutral nouns and plural feminine nouns''' | | colspan = "4" style ="text-align:center" | '''Set I: used for masculine/neutral nouns and plural feminine nouns''' | ||
| Line 78: | Line 104: | ||
|} | |} | ||
Pronominal demonstratives | ==Pronominal demonstratives== | ||
{| class = "wikitable" style = "margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; background-color: #CEE0F2; width: 80%; padding: 15px;" | {| class = "wikitable" style = "margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; background-color: #CEE0F2; width: 80%; padding: 15px;" | ||
| colspan = "4" style ="text-align:center" | '''Set I: used for masculine/neutral nouns and plural feminine nouns''' | | colspan = "4" style ="text-align:center" | '''Set I: used for masculine/neutral nouns and plural feminine nouns''' | ||
| Line 89: | Line 115: | ||
| [[tiʔəʔ]] | | [[tiʔəʔ]] | ||
| [[ti]] | | [[ti]] | ||
| [[this]] | | [[this]], [[these]] | ||
| proximal pronominal demonstrative | | rowspan ="2" | proximal pronominal demonstrative | ||
|- | |||
| [[tiʔiʔəʔ]], [[tiiʔəʔ]] | |||
| | |||
| [[these]] | |||
|- | |- | ||
| [[tiʔiɫ]] / [[tiiɫ]] | |||
| [[tiʔiɫ]] | | [[tiʔiɫ]] | ||
| [[ | | [[that]], [[those]] | ||
| distal pronominal demonstrative | | rowspan ="2" | distal pronominal demonstrative | ||
|- | |||
| [[tiʔiʔiɫ]], [[tiiʔiɫ]] | |||
| | |||
| [[those]] | |||
|} | |} | ||
<br><br> | <br><br> | ||
| Line 117: | Line 151: | ||
|} | |} | ||
Adverbial demonstratives | ==Adverbial demonstratives== | ||
{| class = "wikitable" style = "margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; background-color: #CEE0F2; width: 80%; padding: 15px;" | {| class = "wikitable" style = "margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; background-color: #CEE0F2; width: 80%; padding: 15px;" | ||
| colspan = "4" style ="text-align:center" | '''Set I: used for masculine/neutral nouns and plural feminine nouns''' | | colspan = "4" style ="text-align:center" | '''Set I: used for masculine/neutral nouns and plural feminine nouns''' | ||
| Line 132: | Line 166: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan = "2" style ="text-align:center" | [[tiʔaʔ]] | | colspan = "2" style ="text-align:center" | [[tiʔaʔ]] | ||
| [[here]] | | [[right here]] | ||
| proximal adverbial demonstrative (more specific) | | proximal adverbial demonstrative (more specific) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan = "2" style ="text-align:center" | [[tudiʔ]] / [[tadiʔ]] | | colspan = "2" style ="text-align:center" | [[tudiʔ]] / [[tadiʔ]] | ||
| over there, over yonder | | [[over there]], over yonder | ||
| distal adverbial demonstrative | | distal adverbial demonstrative | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan = "2" style ="text-align:center" | [[taʔa]] | | colspan = "2" style ="text-align:center" | [[taʔa]] | ||
| over there, over yonder | | [[right over there]], right over yonder | ||
| distal adverbial demonstrative (more specific) | | distal adverbial demonstrative (more specific) | ||
|- | |- | ||
Latest revision as of 04:41, 4 April 2017
Overview of three types of demonstratives found in Lushootseed
- adjectival demonstratives (also known as demonstrative adjectives)
- Proximal (nearby)
- This house is large.
- These houses are large.
- Distal (far away)
- That river is long.
- Those rivers are long.
- Proximal (nearby)
- pronominal demonstratives (also known as demonstrative pronouns)
- Proximal
- This is a large house.
- These are large houses.
- Distal
- That is a long river.
- Those are long rivers.
- Proximal
- adverbial demonstratives (also known as demonstrative adverbs)
- Proximal
- A large house is located here.
- Large houses are located here.
- Distal:
- A long river is located there.
- Long rivers are located there.
- Proximal
see also:
Adjectival demonstratives
| Set I: used for masculine/neutral nouns and plural feminine nouns | |||
| Northern | Southern | pastəducid | Technical description |
| tiʔəʔ | ti | this | proximal adjectival demonstrative |
| tiʔiɫ / tiiɫ | tiiɫ | that | distal adjectival demonstrative |
| ti | šə | a/the particular one | adjectival demonstrative of unique reference |
| tə | tə | a/the | non-contrastive/neutral adjectival demonstrative |
| kʷi | kʷi | a, any, some | hypothetical/remote adjectival demonstrative |
| tiʔacəc | tiʔacəc | specific reference adjectival demonstrative | |
| Set II: used for singular feminine nouns and small animals | |||
| Northern | Southern | pastəducid | Technical description |
| tsiʔəʔ | tsi | this | proximal adjectival demonstrative |
| tsiʔiɫ | tsiiɫ | that | distal adjectival demonstrative |
| tsi | sə | a/the particular one | adjectival demonstrative of unique reference |
| tsə | tsə | a/the | non-contrastive/neutral adjectival demonstrative |
| kʷsi | kʷsi | a, any, some | hypothetical/remote adjectival demonstrative |
| tsiʔacəc | tsiʔacəc | specific reference adjectival demonstrative | |
Pronominal demonstratives
| Set I: used for masculine/neutral nouns and plural feminine nouns | |||
| Northern | Southern | pastəducid | Technical description |
| tiʔəʔ | ti | this, these | proximal pronominal demonstrative |
| tiʔiʔəʔ, tiiʔəʔ | these | ||
| tiʔiɫ / tiiɫ | tiʔiɫ | that, those | distal pronominal demonstrative |
| tiʔiʔiɫ, tiiʔiɫ | those | ||
| Set II: used for singular feminine nouns and small animals | |||
| Northern | Southern | pastəducid | Technical description |
| tsiʔəʔ | tsi | this | proximal pronominal demonstrative |
| tsiʔiɫ | tsiʔiɫ | that | distal pronominal demonstrative |
Adverbial demonstratives
| Set I: used for masculine/neutral nouns and plural feminine nouns | |||
| Northern | Southern | pastəducid | Technical description |
| diʔaʔ | dišaʔ | here | proximal adverbial demonstrative |
| tiʔaʔ | right here | proximal adverbial demonstrative (more specific) | |
| tudiʔ / tadiʔ | over there, over yonder | distal adverbial demonstrative | |
| taʔa | right over there, right over yonder | distal adverbial demonstrative (more specific) | |
| kʷədiʔ | that way over there | remote adverbial demonstrative | |
| Set II: used for masculine/neutral nouns and plural feminine nouns | |||
| Northern | Southern | pastəducid | Technical description |
| tsiʔaʔ | here | proximal adverbial demonstrative | |
| tsudiʔ / tsadiʔ | over there, over yonder | distal adverbial demonstrative | |
| tsaʔa | over there, over yonder | distal adverbial demonstrative (more specific) | |
Number of times this entry has been verified against the sources, including at the time of creation: 2
In general, an entry with a higher number of verifications and sources may be considered more reliable.
sources
- 1994, Dawn Bates, Thom Hess and Vi Hilbert, Lushootseed Dictionary, ISBN 0-295-97323-4, University of Washington Press, pp. 224–5, 228–229
- 1995, Thom Hess and Vi [taqʷšəblu] Hilbert, Lushootseed: The language of the Skagit Nisqually, and other tribes of Puget Sound, an Introduction: Book I, Lushootseed Press, ch. 3, 4
- 1995, Thom Hess, Lushootseed Reader with Introductory Grammar. Vol. 1: Four Stories from Edward Sam, ISBN 9781879763111, University of Montana Occasional Papers in Linguistics, no. 11, Missoula: University of Montana pp. 77–79
Subcategories
This category has the following 3 subcategories, out of 3 total.